Summary

Restless leg syndrome is a common condition affecting 2-3% of the adult population
There is an internationally recognised set of diagnostic criteria
It can be idiopathic or secondary to other medical conditions or certain drugs
There appears to be a genetic predisposition in over 50% of cases
Initial evaluation of the patient should include history, examination and a check of serum ferritin with other tests taken as appropriate
It is thought there is a deficiency in dopamine metabolism in the brain
Iron deficiency should be excluded and if present investigated and corrected
Patient education and self-help measures are important aspects of treatment
A validated symptom self rating tool is available and should be used to assess the severity when considering drug treatment
Drug treatments are effective however they carry significant risks of side effects
Drug treatments may need to be lifelong although there are significant remission and symptom improvement rates

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