Cyfeiriadau
Cyfeiriadau
- Roland M, Waddell G, Klaber Moffett J, Burton K, Main C. The Back Book : TSO Norwich UK : 2007
Baich poen cefn:
- Belsey J. Primary care workload in the management of chronic pain. A retrospective cohort study using a GP database to identify resource implications for UK primary care. Journal of Medical Economics. 2002;5:39-50.
- Croft PR, MacFarlane GJ, Papageorgiou AC, Thomas E, Silman AJ. Outcome of low back pain in general practice: a prospective study. BMJ 1998; 316(7141): 1356-59.
- Elliott AM, Smith BH, Penny KI, Smith WC, Chambers WA. The epidemiology of chronic pain in the community. Lancet 1999;354:1248-52.
- Macfarlane GJ, Thomas E, Croft PR, Papageorgiou AC, Jayson MI, Silman AJ. Predictors of early improvement in low back pain amongst consulters to general practice: the influence of pre-morbid and episode-related factors. Pain. 1999;80:113-9.
- Moffett JK, Richardson G, Sheldon TA, et al. Back pain. Its management and cost to society. NHS centre for reviews and dissemination. Discussion paper 129. York: Centre for Health Economics, 1995.
Smith BH, Elliott AM, Chambers WA, Smith WC, Hannaford PC, Penny K. The impact of chronic pain in the community. Fam Pract 2001;18:292–9. - Sprangers MA, et al. Which chronic conditions are associated with a better or poorer quality of life? Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2000;53:895-907.
- Torrance N, Elliott AM, Lee AJ, Smith BH. Severe chronic pain is associated with increased 10 year mortality. A cohort record linkage study. European Journal of Pain. 2010:14:380–386.
- Waddell G. The Back Pain Revolution. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2004
Definitions:
- Airaksinen O, Brox JI, Cedraschi C. European guidelines for the management of chronic non-specific low back pain. Brussels: European Commission Research Directorate General;2005.
- Chou R, Qaseem A, Snow V et al. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. AnnInternMed2007;147:478-91.
- Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS). Back pain low (without radiculopathy). Newcastle upon Tyne:CKS;2009.
- McIntosh G,Hall H. Lowbackpain(acute).ClinEvid2008;10:1102-32.
- McIntosh G, Hall H. Lowbackpain(chronic).ClinEvid2008;10:1116-44.
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). Evidence based management of acute musculoskeletal pain. Canberra:NHMRC;2003. - National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Low back pain. Clinical guideline 88. Llundain: NICE; 2009.
- Shiri R, Karppinen J, Leino-Arjas P et al. The association between obesity and low back pain: a meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol 2010;171:135-54.
- Van Tulder M, Becker A, Bekkering T et al. European guidelines for the management of acute nonspecific low back pain in primary care. COST Action B13.Brussels:European Commission Research Directorate General;2004.
Model Osgoi Ofn:
- Chapman, C. R. 1978. Pain: the perception of noxious events. In: Sternbach, R.A. ed. The Psychology of Pain. New York: Raven Press, pp. 169-202.
- Eccleston, C. and Crombez, G. 1999. Pain demands attention: a cognitive-affective model of the interruptive function of pain. Psychol Bull 125(3), pp. 356-366.
- Henschke, N. et al. 2010. Behavioural treatment for chronic low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (7), p. CD002014.
- Keefe, F. J. et al. 1991. Analyzing pain in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Pain coping strategies in patients who have had knee replacement surgery. Pain 46(2), pp. 153-160.
- Leeuw, M. et al. 2007. The fear-avoidance model of musculoskeletal pain: current state of scientific evidence. J Behav Med 30(1), pp. 77-94.
- McCracken, L. M. and Keogh, E. 2009. Acceptance, mindfulness, and values-based action may counteract fear and avoidance of emotions in chronic pain: an analysis of anxiety sensitivity. J Pain 10(4), pp. 408-415.
- McCracken, L. M. and Vowles, K. E. 2007. Psychological flexibility and traditional pain management strategies in relation to patient functioning with chronic pain: an examination of a revised instrument. J Pain 8(9), pp. 700-707.
- Macfarlane, G. J. et al. 1999. Predictors of early improvement in low back pain amongst consulters to general practice: the influence of pre-morbid and episode-related factors. Pain 80(1-2), pp. 113-119.
- Pincus, T. and Morley, S. 2001. Cognitive-processing bias in chronic pain: a review and integration. Psychol Bull 127(5), pp. 599-617.
- Schoth, D. E. et al. 2012. Attentional bias towards pain-related information in chronic pain; a meta-analysis of visual-probe investigations. Clin Psychol Rev 32(1), pp. 13-25.
- van der Windt, D. et al. 2008. Psychosocial interventions for low back pain in primary care: lessons learned from recent trials. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 33(1), pp. 81-89.
- Villemure, C. and Bushnell, M. C. 2002. Cognitive modulation of pain: how do attention and emotion influence pain processing? Pain 95(3), pp. 195-199.
- Waddell G. The Back Pain Revolution. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2004.
- Roland M, Waddell G, Klaber Moffett J, Burton K, Main C. The Back Book. Norwich, UK The Stationary Office : 2007
Rheoli Poen Acíwt yng Ngwaelod y Cefn:
- Asmundson, G. J. et al. 1997a. Do patients with chronic pain selectively attend to pain-related information?: preliminary evidence for the mediating role of fear. Pain 72(1-2), pp. 27-32.
- Asmundson, G. J. et al. 1997b. Fear and avoidance in dysfunctional chronic back pain patients. Pain 69(3), pp. 231-236.
Beck, A. T. et al. 1979. Cognitive Therapy of Depression. New York: Guilford Press. - Hay E, Dunn K, Hill J, et al A randomised clinical trial of subgrouping and targeted treatment for low back pain compared with best current care. the STarT Back Trial Study Protocol. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders April 2008, 9:58.
- Hill JC, Dunn KM , Main CJ, Hay EM. Sub-grouping low back pain: A comparison Tool with the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire. Eur J. Pain 2009; doi:10/1016/j.ejpain.2009.01.003.
- Hill JC, Dunn KM, Lewis M, Mullins R, Main CJ, Foster NE, et al. A primary care back pain screening tool: identifying inpatient subgroups for initial treatment. Arthritis Rheum 2008;59(5):632-41.
- Hill JC, Whitehurst DGT, Lewis M, Bryan S, et al. Comparison of stratified primary care management for low back pain with current best practice (STarT Back): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 378 (9802): 1560-71.
- Hill JC. The early identification of patients with complex back pain problems. The Back Care Journal.Spring 2010.
Asesiad diagnostig:
- Airaksinen O, Brox JI, Cedraschi C. European guidelines for the management of chronic non-specific lowback pain. Brussels: European Commission Research Directorate General;2005.
- Chou R, Qaseem A, Snow V et al. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. AnnInternMed2007;147:478-91.
- Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS). Back pain - low (without radiculopathy). Newcastle upon Tyne:CKS; 2009.
- Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS). Sciatica (lumbar radiculopathy). Version 1.0. Newcastle uponTyne: CKS; 2009.
- Kendall NAS et al. Tackling musculoskeletal problems: a guide for clinic and workplace : identifying obstacles using the psychosocial flags framework.London:TSO;2009.
- Kendall NAS Linton SJ Main CJ. Guide to assessing psychosocial yellow flags in acute low back pain : risk factors for long term disability and workloss In: Accident and Rehabilitation and Compensation insurance Corporation of New Zealand. Wellington:National Health Committee;1997.
- National Institute of health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Low back pain. Clinical guideline 88. Llundain: NICE; 2009. Van Tulder M, Becker A, Bekkering T et al. European guidelines for the management of acute nonspecific low back pain in primary care.COST ActionB13.Brussels:European Commission Research Directorate General;2004.
Patholeg difrifol:
- Airaksinen O, Brox JI, Cedraschi C. European guidelines for the management of chronic non-specific low back pain. Brussels: European Commission Research Directorate General;2005.
- Chou R, Qaseem A, Snow V et al. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. AnnIntern Med2007;147:478-91.
- Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Acute Low Back Pain. Royal College of General Practitioners, 2001.
- Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS). Back pain - low (without radiculopathy). Newcastle upon Tyne: CKS; 2009.
- van Tulder M, Becker A, Bekkering T et al. European guidelines for the management of acute nonspecific low back pain in primary care. COSTActionB13.Brussels:European Commission Research Directorate General;2004.
Therapi corfforol (NICE):
- Airaksinen O, Brox JI, Cedraschi C. European guidelines for the management of chronic non-specific low back pain. Brussels:European Commission Research Directorate General;2005.
- Chou R, Huffman LH. Medications for acute and chronic low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147(7):505-514.
- Chou R, Huffman LH. Nonpharmacologic therapies for acute and chronic low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2007: 147(7):492-504.
- Chou R, Qaseem A, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147(7):478-491.
- Chou R, Huffman LH. Guideline for the evaluation and management of low back pain. Glenview, Il: American Pain Society; 2009.
- Chou R. et al. Interventional Therapies, Surgery, and Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation for Low Back Pain.Spine 34: 1006-1077.
- Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS). Back pain - low (without radiculopathy). Newcastle upon Tyne:CKS; 2009.
- McIntosh G, Hall H.Lowbackpain(acute).ClinEvid2008;10:1102-32.
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). Evidence based management of acute musculoskeletal pain. Canberra:NHMRC;2003.
- National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Low back pain. Clinical guideline 88. Llundain: NICE; 2009.
- National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Low back pain. Clinical guideline 88. London:NICE; 2009.
- Organising quality and effective spinal services for patients: a report for local health communities by Spinal Taskforce. Llundain: Department of Health; 2010.primarycare.COSTActionB13.Brussels:European
- Commission Research Directorate General;2004.
- Van Tulder M, Becker A, Bekkering T et al. European guidelines for the management of acute nonspecific low back pain in primarycare. COSTActionB13.Brussels:European Commission Research Directorate General;2004.
Poen cefn cronig wedi ei sefydlu, ddim mwyach yn ymdopi:
- National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Low back pain. Clinical guideline 88. Llundain: NICE; 2009.
- Department of Health. Organising quality and effective spinal services for patients: a report for local health communities by the Spinal Taskforce.London: Department of Health; 2010.